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href=\"\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/production_sharing_oil_gas_sector.pdf\">\u300a\u7f05\u7538\u4e0a\u6e38\u77f3\u6cb9\u53ca\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u884c\u4e1a\u4ea7\u54c1\u5206\u6210\u5408\u540c\u300b<\/a>\u7b2c3\u7ae0\u7b2c20\u6b3e\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u7684\u6216\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u77f3\u6cb9\u53ca\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u52d8\u63a2\u7684\u5408\u8425\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5916\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8d85\u8fc7\u8be5\u5408\u8425\u516c\u53f8\u603b\u8d44\u672c\u768480%\u3002<\/p>         [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.2&#8243;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;News&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.4.3&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221;]<div class=\"right-thumb-content toggle-thumbs mb-40\">\r\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"rtc-image\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/mosaic-to-sell-brazilian-phosphate-mine-in-125-million-deal\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/mosaic-to-sell-brazilian-phosphate-mine-in-125-million-deal.jpg\" \/><\/a>\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<h3 class=\"rtc-caption\">Mosaic to sell Brazilian phosphate mine in $125 million deal<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"rtc-image\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/mali-to-get-1-2bn-from-miners-after-talks\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/mali-to-get-1-2bn-from-miners-after-talks-1.jpg\" \/><\/a>\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<h3 class=\"rtc-caption\">Mali to get $1.2bn from miners after talks<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"rtc-image\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/friedland-considers-floating-african-iron-ore-company-on-asx\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/friedland-considers-floating-african-iron-ore-company-on-asx.jpg\" \/><\/a>\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<h3 class=\"rtc-caption\">Friedland considers floating African iron ore company on ASX<\/h3>\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t\n\t\t<h4 class=\"view-all-toggle\">\u6d4f\u89c8\u5168\u90e8<\/h4>\r\n<\/div>\r\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NATURAL RESOURCES News 11 \u6708 2024 Friedland considers floating African iron ore company on ASX &#038;nb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":228351,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"<!-- wp:heading -->\r\n<h2>About Myanmar<\/h2>\r\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:heading -->\r\n<h2><em>Mining<\/em><\/h2>\r\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>Myanmar is endowed with world-class mineral resources including copper, gold, lead, zinc, silver, tin and nickel. High prospectivity and a lack of exploration means there is a high probability of further world class discoveries and the potential for high returns for mineral companies willing to commit to Myanmar.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>To date, in terms of large scale exploration, a small number of exploration blocks have been applied for. In terms of small scale exploration, many blocks have been granted but activity is limited. Notable existing mining projects include the Monywa copper mine and Tagauun Taung nickel project<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>Myanmar is widely expected to pursue more substantial political, legal and economic reform which is likely to mean improved conditions for investors. Of course, Myanmar, like most mining jurisdictions, presents investors with a unique set of challenges. Under -exploration means there is a shortage of historical data and successful precedents which new entrants can study. Myanmar persists with dead rents which are higher than most other global jurisdictions and signing on bonuses at the exploration stage. Myanmar also suffers from inadequate and degraded infrastructure. However the government, in cooperation with the private sector, has already commenced a number of capital works projects and has made improvement of the country's infrastructure a policy priority.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>The core pieces of mining legislation in Myanmar are the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/Myanmar_Mines_Law.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Myanmar Mines Law<\/a>\u00a0(\"Mining Law\") and Government notification\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/Myanmar_Mining_Rules.doc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">no.125\/96<\/a>\u00a0(the \"Mining Rules\"). The Mining Law is expected to be updated in 2013. The Myanmar Ministry of Mines has issued a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/Update_presentation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">presentation<\/a>\u00a0on the proposed amendments. A number of other related laws also apply to the mining sector such as the State Owned Economic Enterprise Law, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/Myanmar_Foreign_Investment_Law.doc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Foreign Investment Law<\/a>, The Protection of Wild Life and Wild Plants and Conservation of Natural Areas Law, the Myanmar Insurance Law and the Cultural Heritage Law.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>The Ministry of Mines is the government authority responsible for implementation of the policy, legislation and enforcement of Law, Rules and Regulations in the mining sector.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>The Ministry of Mines has issued information on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/joint_ventures_Myanmar.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Joint Venture Procedures<\/a>\u00a0 and on the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/current_mining_activities_myanamr.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">current mining activities<\/a>\u00a0and Investment Opportunities in the Myanmar Mining Sector.<br><br>The government's current practice is to enter into production sharing contract with miners. A mining company can invest as a foreign direct investment or joint investment with local company.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:heading -->\r\n<h2><em>Oil and Gas<\/em><\/h2>\r\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>Myanmar is one of the world's oldest oil producers. It is estimated to have huge oil and gas reserves, however few fields are currently producing and most deposits remain unexplored. According to the Ministry of Energy (\"MOE\") the country's proven reserves in 2012 stood at 2.1 billion barrels of oil and 25 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, most of that offshore.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>The MOE decides on oil and gas policy. It has oversight of three state-linked firms which include:<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:list -->\r\n<ul><li>Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise (\"MOGE\") is the authority responsible for oil and gas exploration and production. It also oversees domestic gas transmission via a 1,200 mile onshore pipeline grid.<\/li><li>Myanmar Petrochemical Enterprise, which operates three small refineries and four fertiliser plants as well as smaller processors dotted across the country.<\/li><li>Myanmar Petroleum Products Enterprise oversees retail and wholesale distribution.<\/li><\/ul>\r\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>All foreign participation in oil and gas activity takes place through joint venture arrangements with MOGE.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>In June 2012, state-owned energy company Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise said it had signed nine agreements to allow companies, including Malaysia's Petroliam Nasional, Thailand's PTT PCL and India's Jubilant, to explore for oil and natural gas onshore.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>The IMF projects gas export revenues to jump by 85% to $4.8 billion, compared to total exports of $13.8 billion, with the completion of the Chinese-backed Shwe gas project and the Thai M-9 gas block venture.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\r\n\r\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\r\n<p>The MOE has produced an overview of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/production_sharing_oil_gas_sector.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Production Sharing Contracts in Myanmar's Upstream Oil and Gas Sector\u00a0<\/a>as well as information on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/opportunities_for_cooperation_myanmars_petro.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Opportunities for Cooperation in Myanmar's Petroleum Energy Sector<\/a>.<br>The MOE has also released standard\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/tandc_production_sharing_Onshore_Blocks.doc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">terms and conditions<\/a>\u00a0of productions sharing contracts for onshore blocks,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/TandC_production_Sharing_Offshore_Blocks.doc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">offshore blocks<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/tandc_Production_Sharing_Contract_Deep_Water.doc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">deep -offshore blocks<\/a>.<br><br>Pursuant to Notification No.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/Myanmar_Notification_1_2013.doc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1\/2013<\/a>\u00a0oil and gas exploration is listed among economic activities which are permitted in accordance with certain conditions separately stipulated by the relevant responsible ministry. To date foreign oil and gas companies have been required to work in cooperation with local companies. Pursuant to Chapter 3 Paragraph 20 of Notification\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/images\/stories\/Documents\/China_Myanmar\/Foreign_Investment_Rules_Notification_11_2013.doc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">11\/2013<\/a>\u00a0foreign capital should not exceed 80% of the total capital of joint-venture companies engaged in economic activities which are prohibited or restricted such as oil and gas exploration.<\/p>\r\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"class_list":["post-229868","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-about-us-zh-hans","cat-23-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/229868","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=229868"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/229868\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":232437,"href":"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/229868\/revisions\/232437"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/228351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=229868"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/charltonsnaturalresources.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=229868"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}